Linus Pauling，the only person who has won

题目内容：

Linus Pauling，the only person who has won two undivided Nobel Prizes，was born in Portland，Oregon. He attended Washington High School but because of an unimportant detail he did not receive his diploma until 1962，long after he had received his Bachelor’s degree in chemical engineering from Orgon State College in 1922. He had chosen to study his major because he could get a good job with it.

He won the Nobel Prize for Chemistry in 1954 for his research into the nature of the chemical bond and its application to the explanation of the structure of complex substance. His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body. He began with proteins and their main parts，the amino acids(氨基酸)，which are called the“building blocks of life”．In 1950，he constructed the first satisfactory model of a protein molecule，a discovery very important to the understanding of the living cell.

During World WarⅡ，Pauling was a member of the Research Board for National Security，for which he was awarded the Presidential Medal of Merit in 1948. However，the use of the atomic bomb near the end of the war turned Pauling in a new direction. Having long worked on the structure of molecules，he took an immediate interest in the deadly effects of nuclear fallout on human molecular structures.

From then on，Pauling protested the production of the hydrogen bomb and supported the prevention of the spread of nuclear weapons. Through his efforts，The Nuclear­Test­Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10,1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Peace.

小题1:From the first Paragraph，we learn that Linus Pauling________.

A．didn’t study hard while in Washington High School

B．is the only scientist who has won two Nobel Prizes

C．was once badly treated in Washington High School

D．chose to study chemical engineering to earn his living小题2:Which of the following things did Pauling pay much attention to at first?

A．The “behavior” of molecules.

B．Physical chemistry.

C．Biological chemistry.

D．The human body.小题3:Which of the following is legal according to The Nuclear­Test­Ban Treaty?

A．The use of nuclear weapons.

B．Testing hydrogen bomb on the ground.

C．Testing hydrogen bomb on underground.

D．The production of hydrogen bombs.小题4:The main idea of the passage is to show________.

A．Linus Pauling’s attitude towards nuclear weapons

B．Linus Pauling’s contributions to the world

C．Linus Pauling’s research on the structure of molecules

D．Linus Pauling’s got the Nobel Prize for Peace

最佳答案：

小题1:D

小题1:B

小题1:C

小题1:B

答案解析：

小题1:理解归纳题，根据第一自然段的文中语句理解归纳可知。

小题2:细节理解题，根据文中语句“His interest in the “behavior” of molecules(分子) led him from physical chemistry to biological chemistry，especially of the human body.”理解可知。

小题3:细节理解题，根据文中语句“The Nuclear­Test­Ban Treaty，declaring all nuclear tests to be illegal except underground ones，came into effect on October 10,1963，the same day Linus Pauling was awarded the Nobel Peace.”理解可知。

小题4:理解归纳题，纵观全文中语句理解归纳可知。

考点核心：

人物传记类文章的文体特征：

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。