give in 与 give up 的用法区别

give in 与 give up 的用法区别

1. 两者都可表示“交给”，但有区别：give in 主要表示将某物呈交给有权受理此物的人；而 give up 通常只是 一般性地表示将某物让给、交给或献给他人或用作他用。如：

Give in your examination papers now. 现在把考卷交上来。

Names of contestants must be given in before the end of the month. 参赛者的名单必须在月底以前报上来。

He gave up his seat to an old man. 他给一位老人让座。

He gave up his life for his country. 他为祖国献身了。

The second floor was given up to sleeping rooms. 二楼划作寝室用。

注：表示“呈交”的 give in 在美国英语中通常用 hand in 代之。另外，若 give up 后接反身代词，可指“投案自首”。如：

He gave himself up to the police. 他向警察自首了。

2. 两者都可表示“投降”，有时可换用。如：

They gave up [in] without a fight. 他们不战而降。

When the enemy saw that they were surrounded, they gave up [in]. 当敌人发现自己被包围时，就投降了。

但两者在表示其他类似意思时仍有区别：

give in主要表示在争论、竞争、斗争等当中作出让步或表示屈服等，此时的 give in 是不及物动词，表示“向……屈服或让步”通常用介词 to。如：

Don’t give in to him. 不要向他屈服。

But in the end they gave in. 但到最后他们还是让步了。

He has given in to my views. 他已经听从了我的意见。

give up的主要意思为“放弃”，它可指放弃某种希望，可指放弃做某事或拥有某物，也可指放弃做某事的尝试等；这样用的 give up 是及物动词，其后可接名词或动名词作宾语。如：

The doctors gave him up five years ago, but he is still alive. 医生 5 年前就对他放弃了希望，但他现在仍活着。

There you are at last! We’d given you up. 你终于来了，我们还以为你不来了呢!

He told me to give up smoking [cigarettes]. 他叫我戒烟。

In fact I’ve given up this idea. 事实上我已放弃这个想法。

The boy was forced to give up school. 这孩子被迫辍学。

注：give up 还可表示在回答问题或猜谜语等场合表示认输。如：

I give up; tell me what the answer is. 我认输，告诉我答案吧。