able的用法
1. 可用作表语或定语:
He is very able. 他很有能力。
He is an able teacher. 他是个有能力的老师。
He is the ablest [most able] man I know. 他是我认识的最有才干的人。
2. 用于 be able to ,注意它与 can 的区别:
be able to 之后一般要接动词的主动式而不接动词的被动式 ,但 can后可以接不定式的被动式:
正:He is able to hear the sound. 他能听到这声音。
正:The sound can be heard. 这声音能够被听见。
误:The sound is able to be heard.
be able to 可用将来时态表示某人将来才具备的能力,而 can却不能用于将来时态:
I’ll be able to speak French in another few months. 再过几个月我就会讲法语了。
若是表示现在决定将来是否有能力做某事,则可用 can:
I can finish the article tomorrow. 我可以在明天写完这篇文章。
be able to 的过去式可表示某人过去某种具体的能力 ,但此时不能用 could):
He worked very hard and was able to pass his examinations. 他学习很努力,所以考试及了格。
The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 大火很快蔓延到整个宾馆,但每个人都设法逃了出来。
以上用法中的 was able to 在否定句中可用 couldn’t代替:
He worked very hard but wasn’t able to [couldn’t] pass his examinations. 他学习很努力,但考试却未能及格。
be able to 不仅有多种时态形式 ,而且还可以与某些情态动词连用 ,甚至还可以有非谓语形式:
He has not been able to go to school for a week. 他已有一周不能上学了。
You might be able to persuade him. 你也许能够说服他。
I hope to be able to do the work. 我希望能干得了这项工作。
I regret not being able to help her. 我很遗憾未能帮助她。
3. 重要派生词归纳:
enable vt. 使能够。表示“使某人能 ”,可用 enable sb ,一般不能用 make sb able :
A bird’s wings enable it to fly. 鸟的翅膀使鸟能飞。
unable adj. 不能的,不会的:
He stood there, unable to make a decision. 他站在那儿,作不出决定。
ability n. 能力,能够 ;才能,才干 :
He is a man of ability. 他是位有能力的人。
He is a man of many abilities. 他是位多才多艺的人。
表示“有能力做某事”,其后接不定式 :
He has the ability to speak English fluently. 他能流利地说英语。