…That’s my second piece of advice, very si

题目内容：

…That’s my second piece of advice, very simple: Don’t make excuses. Take responsibility not just for your successes; take responsibility where you fall short as well.

Now, the truth is, no matter how hard you work, you’re not going to ace (取得好成绩) every class. You’re not going to succeed the first time you try something. There are going to be times when you screw up (弄糟). There will be times where you hurt people you love. There will be times when you make a mistake and you stray (偏离) from the values that you hold most deeply.

And when that happens, it’s the easiest thing in the world to start looking around for somebody else to blame. Your professor was too hard; the coaches were playing favorites; your friend just didn’t understand.

No, but this is an easy habit to get into. You see it every day in Washington — every day -—folks calling each other names, making all sorts of accusations on television. Everybody is always pointing a finger at somebody else. You notice that?

Now, this community could have easily gone down that road. This community could have made excuses — well, our kids have fewer advantages, our schools have fewer resources — how can we compete? You could have spent years pointing fingers— blaming parents, blaming teachers, blaming the principal , blaming the superintendent.

But that’s — Class of 2010, I want you to pay attention on this because that’s not what happened. Instead, this community was honest with itself about where you were falling short. You decided to do better, push your kids harder, open their minds wider, expose them to all kinds of ideas and people and experiences.

So, graduates, I hope you’ll continue those efforts. Don’t make excuses. And I hope that wherever you go, you won’t narrow the broad intellectual and social exposure you’ve had here at Kalamazoo Central — instead, seek to expand it. Don’t just hang out with people who look like you or share your political views. Broaden your circle to include people with different backgrounds and life experiences, because that’s how you’ll end up learning what it’s like to walk in somebody else’s shoes. That’s how you’ll come to understand the challenges other people face.

And this is not just an academic exercise. It’s a way to broaden your ambit (范围) of concern and learn to see yourselves in each other.

—adapted from US President Barack Obama’s graduation ceremony speech at the Kalamazoo Central High School.

小题1: The underlined words “fall short” in Paragraph 1 probably mean .

A．make a decision

B．begin to experience something

C．have someone else to blame

D．fail to reach a standard小题2: The underlined word “this” in Paragraph 4 refers to .

A．misunderstanding your friends

B．straying from the values you hold

C．making accusations on television

D．blaming someone else for your mistake小题3: We can infer from Paragraphs 5 and 6 that the community .

A．has got used to making excuses

B．has lived up to its responsibility

C．is satisfied with itself

D．provides fewer resources than it used to小题4: In the last two paragraphs, Obama calls on the graduates to .

A．welcome different ideas, people and experiences

B．participate in as many social activities as they can

C．make friends with people who share their polit­ical views

D．be honest and concerned about the community

最佳答案：

小题1:. D

小题1:.D

小题1:.B

小题1:.A

答案解析：

小题1:根据前文not just for your successes;可知D ，达不到某个标准。

小题1:根据it’s the easiest thing in the world to start looking around for somebody else to blame.及下文描述可知选D。

小题1:根据This community could have made excuses — well,及下文描述可知这两段只要是说社区必须履行自己的责任。故选B。

小题1:根据So, graduates, I hope you’ll continue those efforts.及下文描述可知奥巴马号召学生们接受不同的观点，人群和体会不同的社会经验。故选A。

考点核心：

人物传记类文章的文体特征：

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。