阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按照每题的具体要求回答问题。（答案写在答题卡上相应番号后的

题目内容：

阅读下面短文，根据短文内容按照每题的具体要求回答问题。（答案写在答题卡上相应番号后的横线上）

Born in 1949, Diana Nyad took an early interest in swimming as a sport and was a Florida State High School swimming champion. Like many young athletes, she had Olympic dreams, but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games. The disappointment didn’t stop her from going forward. Instead, she became interested in marathon swimming. A brilliant athlete, she was well-conditioned for spending long periods of time in the water. As a long-distance swimmer, she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.

For ten years Nyad devoted herself to becoming one of the world’s best long-distance swimmers. In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course. In 1972 she set another record by swimming 102.5 miles from an island in the Bahamas to the coast of Florida. Then she broke a third record when swimming around Manhattan Island in 1975.

Nyad attempted to swim the distance between Florida and Cuba in 1978. Though the span of water is less than 100 miles wide, it is rough and dangerous. After battling the water for two days, she had to give up for the sake of her own health and safety. Even so, she impressed the world with her courage and strong desire to succeed. For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reaching Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.

When Nyad ended her career as a swimmer, she continued to try new things---travelling the world as a reporter, writing books and giving public speeches about her life. Diana Nyad works to inspire others, just as she did when she swam the waters of the world.

小题1:What prevented Nyad from taking part in the Olympic Games? (Not more than 5 words)

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小题2:What does the underlined word “obstacles” mean? (1 word)

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小题3:What achievement did Nyad make in 1970? (Not more than 10 words.)

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小题4:Why did Nyad believe that she had touched the other shore? (Not more than 10 words)

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小题5:Please explain how you are inspired by Nyad. (Not more than 20 words)

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最佳答案：

小题1: A serious illness (did).

小题2: Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges.

小题3: She swam a ten-mile marathon and set women’s record.

Or: She swam a ten-mile marathon, setting the women’s record.

Or: She set the women’s record for a ten-mile marathon swimming.

小题4: Because she had tried her best (to fulfill the task).

Or: Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba.

小题5: I am encouraged by her determination and strong will.

Or: I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.

Or: From her I learned that once we set a goal, we should try hard to achieve it.

Or: We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure.

答案解析：

本文主要讲述了著名的运动员Diana Nyad一生都在为实现自己的理想而努力的故事。

小题2: A serious illness (did).

细节题。根据文章第一段第三行but a serious illness kept her from competing in the Games。

小题3: Difficulties/Problems/Troubles/Challenges.

推理题。根据she would compete against herself and the obstacles presented by distance, danger, cold, and exhaustion.说明这里的obstacles是指在奋斗的过程中出现的种种困难。

小题4:She swam a ten-mile marathon and set women’s record.

Or: She swam a ten-mile marathon, setting the women’s record.

Or: She set the women’s record for a ten-mile marathon swimming.

细节题。根据第二段2,3行In 1970, she swam a ten-mile marathon in Lake Ontario, setting the women’s record for the course。

小题4:Because she had tried her best (to fulfill the task).

Or: Her strength of purpose was as important as reaching Cuba.

细节题。根据文章最后一段4,5,6行For Nyad her strength of purpose was just as important as reaching Cuba. That is how she defined success. It did not matter that her swim came up short; she believed she had touched the other shore.。

小题5:I am encouraged by her determination and strong will.

Or: I am inspired by her courage and strong desire to succeed.

Or: From her I learned that once we set a goal, we should try hard to achieve it.

Or: We should never give up in the face of difficulty/failure.

根据文章描述可知Nyad是一个意志坚定的人，为了实现自己的梦想不放弃不抛弃。

点评：本文主要讲述了著名的运动员Diana Nyad一生都在为实现自己的理想而努力的故事。本文以细节题的考查为主，细节题是针对文中某个细节、某句话或某部分具体内容设置问题，正确答案的根据一定可以在原文中找到，即原文的改写往往成为正确选项。通常细节题的正确选项有以下特征：对原文句子中的关键词进行替换。把原文中的一些词换成意义相近的词，成为正确选项。词性或者语态的变化。把原文中的一些词变换一下词性，或者改变原文句子的语态，给考生制造障碍。语言简化。把原文中的复杂语言现象进行简化，成为正确答案。正话反说。把原文中的意思反过来表达而成为正确选项(适用于寻找错误选项的题目)。

考点核心：

人物传记类文章的文体特征：

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。