I recently heard a story about a famous sc

题目内容：

I recently heard a story about a famous scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs（突破）. He was being interviewed by a reporter who asked him he thought he was able to be so much more than the average person.

He responded that it all came from a(n)with his mother that occurred when he was about 2. He had been trying to milk from the fridge when he the slippery(光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor.

When his mother came in, shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, “Robert, what a great and wonderful you have made! I have seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been . Would you like to get down and in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up?”

Indeed, he did. After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海绵), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer?” He chose the sponge.

His mother then said, “ You know, what we have here is a experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two hands. Let’s go out in the back yard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can .” The little boy learned that if he the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful !

This scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn’t need to be to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just for learning something new, which is, , what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment “doesn't,” we usually learn something from it.

小题1:

A．why

B．what

C．when

D．how小题2:

A．capable

B．able

C．creative

D．original小题3:

A．coincidence

B．experience

C．incident

D．conflict小题4:

A．carry

B．bring

C．remove

D．fetch小题5:

A．fell

B．lost

C．escaped

D．dropped小题6:

A．rather than

B．instead of

C．other than

D．in place of小题7:

A．picture

B．mass

C．map

D．mess小题8:

A．rarely

B．happily

C．frequently

D．angrily小题9:

A．got

B．suffered

C．done

D．received小题10:

A．jump

B．play

C．enjoy

D．lay小题11:

A．failed

B．successful

C．fantastic

D．painful小题12:

A．strong

B．tiny

C．thin

D．weak小题13:

A．get it

B．put it

C．try it

D．make it小题14:

A．controlled

B．possessed

C．occupied

D．grasped小题15:

A．example

B．teaching

C．lesson

D．instruction小题16:

A．anxious

B．nervous

C．fearful

D．afraid小题17:

A．situations

B．opportunities

C．occasions

D．turns小题18:

A．after all

B．above all

C．first of all

D．in all小题19:

A．do

B．finish

C．go

D．work小题20:

A．worthy

B．costly

C．valuable

D．interesting

最佳答案：

小题1:A

小题2:C

小题3:B

小题4:C

小题5:D

小题6:B

小题7:A

小题8:A

小题9:C

小题10:B

小题11:A

小题12:B

小题13:D

小题14:D

小题15:C

小题16:D

小题17:B

小题18:A

小题19:D

小题20:C

答案解析：

一位科学家能够与众不同，为什么？这与他的母亲的教育有关。两岁时，他把奶瓶掉在地上，妈妈鼓励他通过实验如何把瓶子抓好，因为错误往往是学习新知识的良机。妈妈的做法也培养了他勇敢面对失败、敢于担当的品质。

小题1:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。A. why 为什么；B. what什么；C. when什么时候；D. how如何。代入四个选项可知，（why）为什么他比别人更有创造力？故选A。

小题2:考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。 第一句话说了他由几项医学突破。这应该是一种创造力。A. capable胜任的；B. able能；C. creative有创造力的；D. original最初的，原始的。故选C。

小题3:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。根据后面科学家的一段经历。A. coincidence巧合；B. experience经历；C. incident事件； D. conflict冲突。故选B。

小题4:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。A. carry携带；B. bring带来；C. remove 移动；D. fetch取来。remove…from是固定搭配，意思是：从……地方拿走/移开。故选C。

小题5:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. fell 掉下，摔倒；B. lost失败，丢失；C. escaped逃脱； D. dropped掉下。drop与fall两者都可表示“掉”、“落”，区别如下：

1. 表示从高处往下掉或降，两者有时可互换。如：

The temperature has dropped [fell]. 气温降低了。He dropped [fell] from the top of the building. 他从屋顶掉了下来。

2. fall 表示“落下”，多指无意识的行为，有自然坠落之意，且通常是不及物动词;drop 既可指无意的行为，即表示“落下”(不及物)，也可指有意的行为，即表示“投下”(及物)。如：Rain began to drop [fall]. 开始下起雨来。Drop the hammar down to me. 把锤子扔下来给我。后面也有he could carry it without dropping it.提示他把瓶子掉地下了。故选D。

小题6:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。妈妈没有因为牛奶瓶掉了，牛奶撒了一地而对他喊叫或者讲一番道理。 A. rather than而不是；B. instead of代替…的是；C. other than除了，不同于；D. in place of一种物质替代另一种物质。instead of相当于一个介词，所以后面跟名词/动名词/代词等名词性的成分，但是rather than更多被视为一个并列连词，其后面的成分在性质和形式上必须和rather than前面并列的成分保持一致。 如： 1）He went shopping instead of going swimming yesterday. of是介词，所以用动名词going. 2）He wants to play soccer rather than (to) play basketball. rather than后面的不定式to play basketball必须和与其并列的to play soccer保持形式一致，故选B。

小题7:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。A. picture照片；B. mass团、块；C. map地图；D. mess脏乱，混乱。你弄得可真够乱的。下文妈妈提到make a mess。make a mess是固定搭配，意思是：搞得乱七八糟。故选D。

小题8:考查副词辨析和对语境的理解。A. rarely少见；B. happily高兴地；C. frequently经常地；D. angrily生气地。我很少见到这么一大滩牛奶。故选A。

小题9:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。 既然已经这样了。A. got得到、明白；B. suffered遭受；C. done做；D. received收到。do damage是固定搭配，损害。这里用了被动形式。故选C。

小题10:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。你愿意玩一会然后再收拾干净吗？A. jump跳；B. play玩；C. enjoy喜欢；D. lay位于、躺。get down and play 相当于get down to playing。故选B。

小题11:考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。他把奶瓶掉在地上，所以应该说是一次失败的经历。A. failed已失败的；B. successful成功的；C. fantastic不可思议的；D. painful痛苦的。故选A。

小题12:考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。前文提到他当时只有2岁，所以他的手应该是小的。A. strong强壮的；B. tiny小的；C. thin薄的，瘦的。D. weak弱的。故选B。

小题13:考查动词短语辨析和对语境的理解。句意应该是：咱们到院子里，把瓶子里装满水，看看你能不能做好。A. get it明白了；B. put it放；C. try it试试看；D. make it成功。故选D。

小题14:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。 小男孩学会了如果他两只手抓住上边靠边的地方，他就可以抓住不掉了。A. controlled控制；B. possessed拥有；C. occupied占有；D. grasped掌握，抓住。故选D。

小题15:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。通过自己亲手做让孩子知道怎么做，这一课上得很精彩。A. example例子；B. teaching教学；C. lesson课，教训；D. instruction命令，指示。故选C。

小题16:考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。科学家在那一刻也知道了：他不必害怕犯错误。A. anxious焦虑的；B. nervous紧张的；C. fearful可怕的；D. afraid害怕的。固定短语be afraid to do不敢做。故选D。

小题17:考查名词辨析和对语境的理解。他懂得了错误只是他学习新东西机会。 A. situations局面；B. opportunities机会；C. occasions机会；D. turns转弯。故选B。

小题18:考查短语辨析和对语境的理解。A. after all毕竟、终究；B. above all最重要的是；C. first of all首先，第一；D. in all总共，合计。通过以上的经历，科学家的感受是：科学实验终究是试验一个又一个的错误。故选A。

小题19:考查动词辨析和对语境的理解。即使实验不成功，我们也可以学到有价值的东西。A. do做；B. finish完成；C. go去；D. work工作，起作用。故选D。

小题20:考查形容词辨析和对语境的理解。即使实验不成功，我们也可以学到有价值的东西。A. worthy值得的；B. costly昂贵的；C. valuable贵重的；D. interesting有趣的。故选C。

考点核心：

人物传记类文章的文体特征：

人物传记是记叙文体的一种，主要描写某人的生平事迹、趣闻轶事、生活背景、个性特征、成长奋斗历程等，包含记叙文的时间、地点、人物、事件等要素。其特点是以时间的先后或事件的发展为主线，空间或逻辑线索贯穿文章始终，脉络清楚，可读性较强。