cloth, clothe, clothes, clothing的用法
一、关于cloth
◆两码的布料就可以够做一条裙子了。
误:Two yards of clothes will be enough for a skirt.
正:Two yards of cloth will be enough for a skirt.
析:cloth 表示“布”、“衣料”,是不可数名词。若用复数形式 ,则指多种布。
◆用块软布擦窗子。
误:Clean the windows with soft cloth.
正:Clean the windows with a soft cloth.
析:cloth 表示“布”或“布料”,是不可数的,但若表示用作某 种特殊用途的布,则是可数的。又 如:I’ve spilt my coffee all over the chair. Bring some cloths quickly, please.。
二、关于clothe
◆她总是穿名贵的衣服。
误:She always clothes expensive clothes.
正:She always clothes herself in expensive clothes.
正:She is always clothed in expensive clothes.
析:clothes 的意思不是“穿”,而是“给穿衣”,所 以其宾语总是人而不是衣。顺便说一句,在现代英语中,用 clothe 的这种用法已不是很常见,往往用 较为通俗的 dress 代之。现在 clothe更多是用来表示“为某 人提供衣服”,或用于比喻义,指像穿衣似地覆盖某物,如:He can barely feed and clothe his family.,Snow clothed the hills.。
三、关于clothes
◆她买了一件新衣服。
误:She bought a new clothes.
正:She bought a new garment.
正:She bought a new article of clothing.
析:clothes 表示“衣服”,是一个总称名词,是一个没有单数形 式的复数名词,因此不能直接与不定冠词连用。
◆她为我买了两套衣服。
误:She bought me two clothes.
正:She bought me two suits of clothes.
析:clothes虽然是一个没有单数形式的复数名词,但它却 不能与直接与数词连用。不过可与 a few, many, these, those等连用。顺便说一句,表示“一件衣服”用 an article of clothing,表示“一套衣服”用 a suitof clothes。
四、关于clothing
◆我们的衣服可以御寒。
误:Our clothings protect us from against the cold.
正:Our clothing protects us from against the cold.
析:clothing 与 clothes 一样都可表示衣服的统称,但 clothes 是一个没有单数形式的复数名词,而 clothing则是一个没有复数形式的单数名词。
◆父母为我们提供衣食住。
误:Our parents provide us with clothing, food and shelter.
正:Our parents provide us with food, clothing and shelter.
析:汉语说“衣食住行”,“衣”在“食”前,但在英语中 food在 clothing 前,注意不要受汉语影响而搞错词序。